ATITUDINILE ȘI COMPORTAMENTELE DIASPOREI REDEFINESC SEMNIFICAȚIILE ȘI ROLURILE MASS-MEDIA. CAZUL MOLDOVENILOR DIN AFARA REPUBLICII MOLDOVA STABILIȚI ÎN ITALIA, FEDERAȚIA RUSĂ ȘI SPANIA

Mihail CREȚU Universitatea de Stat din Moldova

Abstract

The social, political, economic and cultural participation of Moldovan citizens living abroad becomes relevant within their relationships with their country of origin and the host country. In order to better understand the capacity of Moldovans to participate in important social, political, economic and cultural events at national and transnational level, additional attention should be paid to the media and the forms of communication they use to claim their rights, declare their needs and resonate their thoughts. The results of the study show that Moldovan Diaspora members in Italy, the Russian Federation and Spain choose and use media and forms of communication in an attempt to find spaces of representation and expression to manifest themselves as citizens, as individuals and as members of different communities. In the multi-faceted contexts of how members of the Moldovan Diaspora choose and use different media and forms of communication, we have identified 4 basic trends, namely: the existence of multiple places of belonging; the existence and understanding of national and transnational relationships; the development and manifestation of human relationships in an interconnected universe; the re-evaluation of the meaning of the concepts of „citizenship” and „belonging”. Next we have identified a triple role of the media that facilitates the social, political, economic and cultural participation of Moldovans living abroad: the person uses the media to manifest himself as an individual; the person uses the media to refer to a place of belonging; the person uses the media to gain a sense of security. In this respect, the contribution of the study is as follows: there are identified and analyzed the attitudes and behaviors of Moldovans from diaspora which lead them choosing and using choice and use of certain media and forms of communication to the detriment of others; there are identified and analyzed the models of representation and social, political, economic and cultural participation of Moldovans living abroad; the Moldovan Diaspora in Italy, the Russian Federation and Spain is interpreted through the means of social, political, economic and cultural activism in order to establish the nature and extent of the Moldovans relationships with the Republic of Moldova and the host country. Keywords: minorities, Diaspora, mass media, traditional media, new media, social networks, transnational media, representation, social participation, places of belonging, attitudes, behaviors, national and transnational level.