GRUPUL VIRTUAL – O NOUĂ FORMĂ DE ORGANIZARE

Veronica GORINCIOI Universitatea de Stat din Moldova

Аннотация

THE VIRTUAL GROUP – A NEW FORM OF ORGANIZATION With the rapid development of electronic information and communication media in the last decades, distributed work has become much easier, faster and more efficient. Responding to the increasing de-centralization and globalization of work processes, many organizations have responded to their dynamic environments by introducing virtual teams that collaborate by communication technologies across geographical, temporal, cultural and organizational boundaries to achieve common goal in their organization outputs. Virtual teams are growing in popularity, and becoming increasingly common. Nowadays, companies are heavily investing in virtual team to enhance their performance and competitiveness. This kind of teams can be defined as small temporary groups of geographically, organizationally and/or time disperse which coordinate their work predominantly with electronic information and communication technologies in order to accomplish one or more organization tasks. In the competitive market, virtual teams represent a growing response to the need for fasting time-to-market, low-cost and rapid solutions to complex organizational problems. Virtual teams enable organizations to pool the talents and expertise of employees and non-employees by eliminating time and space barriers. Recent information systems research has studied various aspects of virtual teams. Despite virtual team growing preva- lence, relatively little is known about this new form of team. The foundations and theoretical development of virtual team research remain unclear. The first aim of this study is to offer a literature review with definitions of virtual teams and a structured analysis of the present body of knowledge of virtual teams. First, we distinguish different types of virtual teams to identify where current knowledge applies. Second, we distinguish what is needed for effective virtual team considering the people, process and technology point of view and underlying characteristics of virtual teams and challenges the entail. Keywords: virtual team, virtual teamwork, classification, advantage, dezavantage.