EVALUAREA CLIMATICĂ ȘI AGROCLIMATICĂ A IERNILOR ANOMALE DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA PENTRU ULTIMELE DOUĂ DECENII

Rodion DOMENCO, Ilie BOIAN Universitatea de Stat din Moldova

Abstract

CLIMATE AND AGROCLIMATE EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL WINTERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA FOR THE LAST TWO DECADES

In the present study, based on the processing and statistical analysis of factual data for the last 50 years (using modern statistical programmes), the generalised climatic and agroclimatic characterisation of the winter season on the territory of the Republic of Moldova was carried out with the development of maps on the multiannual air average temperature and multiannual average amount of precipitation distribution in the winter season.

Also, the winters in the Republic of Moldova for the last two decades (2001-2020) were evaluated from a climatic and agroclimatic point of view, making possible the selection of three winters characterised by the highest degree of deviation from the climatic norm of the average air temperature and the amount of precipitation (2006-2007; 2011- 2012; 2019-2020), with the elaboration of maps for each evaluated winter season.

The 2006-2007 winter season was abnormally hot. The average air temperature in the territory of the republic was +0.9…+2.8ºС, being higher than the norm by 4.1-4.6ºС. Positive average monthly temperatures stayed throughout the three winter months. The amount of precipitation during the winter in the country was basically 70-90 mm or 70-90% of the norm. The 2011-2012 winter season was characterised by a varied thermal regime, being basically colder than usually and with precipitation. Some shorter periods of the winter season were abnormally cold. The average air temperature during the winter on the territory of the republic was -2…-4ºС, being basically lower than the normal values by 0.5-1.3ºС. The number of days with air temperature ≤ -15ºС, ≤ -20ºС and ≤ -25ºС significantly exceeded the climate norm, being practically analogous according to this criterion with 2009-2010 winter. The amount of precipitation during the season was 75-145 mm on 90% of the country's territory, or 80-150% of the norm. The 2019-2020 winter season was abnormally hot and basically with a deficit of precipitation. The average air temperature in the territory of the republic was +1.6…+3.3ºС, being 4.3-5.4ºС higher than the norm, a fact reported for the first time in the entire period of instrumental observations. The amount of precipitation which fell was low and with an uneven spatial-temporal distribution (basically – 40-65 mm or 40-70% of the norm).