VARIABILITATEA PEROXIDAZELOR ÎN TOMATE SUB ACŢIUNEA VIRUSURILOR MOZAICULUI TUTUNULUI ŞI ASPERMIEI TOMATELOR

Angela RUDACOVA, Serghei RUDACOV, Ala CHERDIVARĂ Liliana MĂRÎI*, Larisa ANDRONIC * Universitatea de Stat din Moldova *Instituția Publică Institutul de Genetică, Fiziologie și Protecție a Plantelor

Abstract

VARIABILITY OF PEROXIDASES IN TOMATOES UNDER THE ACTION OF TOBACCO MOSAIC AND TOMATO ASPERMY VIRUSES

To study of the peroxidase activity under the influence of tobacco mosaic and tomato aspermy viruses, samples of 20 tomato genotypes were selected by the team staff of the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection and evaluated.

Under the influence of the tobacco mosaic virus, an increase in the total activity of peroxidases was detected in 9 geno-types of tomatoes. Among them, the greatest effect was established in samples no.20 (+143%) and no.21 (+117%). The tomato aspermy virus was reacted to by an increase in the activity of 12 of the studied genotypes. The most significant increase in activity was also exposed by the sample no.20 (+444%). The genotype no.4 and no.19 showed a significant increase in activity – by 160% and by 181%.

When studying the electrophoretic spectra of peroxidase enzymes in the studied tomato genotypes, 8 isoenzymes with molecular weights from 45.5 kD to 23.1 kD were found, peroxidases with a large molecular weight were conventionally designated as zones A1, A2, A3, A4, zones with a lower molecular weight were noted B1, B2, B3 and B4. The largest number of peroxidase enzymes was found in sample no.20, in which all 8 isoforms of peroxidases were found. In one of the samples, namely, in sample no.19, 5 initial zones of peroxidases (A1-A4 and B2) were detected, but under the action of the tomato aspermy virus, 2 new zones appeared in its peroxidase spectrum – B1 and B3, in addition, the intensity of zones A2-A4 and B1-B3 increased by 2.8 times. Under the influence of the tobacco mosaic virus the intensity of zones A1, A2 and A4 increased by 1.75 times.

In four samples (no.14, no.1, no.2, no.3) there were 7 zones of isoenzymes A1-A3 and B1-B4. Among these samples, the most interesting was sample no. 14 (+160%). Under the influence of the tomato aspermy virus, the intensity of all its zones increased significantly, but the intensity of zone A2 (4.9 times) and zone A1 (2 times) increased the most.

Keywords: peroxidase, isoenzymes, tomatoes, viral infections.