THE ROLE OF THE GENETIC SYSTEM IN THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA FORMATION AND IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACTS HOMEOSTASIS REGULATION

Ana LEORDA,Svetlana GARAEVA,Galina POSTOLATI,Universitatea de Stat din Moldova

Abstract

The health of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is influenced by a number of intrinsic (genetics, age) and extrin- sic (diet, environment, lifestyle) factors, among which the impact of the genetic system is multifaceted because it determines the structure, regulates the physiology of digestion and absorption, influences the formation of the microbiota and immunity. Maintaining and strengthening the health of the GI tract can be achieved by iden- tifying the functional systems and regulatory mechanisms of its homeostasis, as well as by developing procedu- res and measures to maintain the balance of the intestinal microbiota in different age periods. The genetic factor affects a portion of the host microbiome and it is difficult to separate the genetic influence from environmental effects, and understanding the processes and vulnerable moments in MI formation will allow the development of effective methods to prevent and correct microecological disorders, for the directed maintenance of GI tract homeostasis. Keywords: genetic system, intestinal microbiota, epithelial cells, epithelial barrier, immunity, homeostasis, gas- trointestinal tract.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59295/sum1(191)2026_13