JAN AMOS COMENIUS (1592-1670)

Sorin CRISTEA Universitatea din Bucureşti, România

Rezumat

Jan Amos Comenius (1592-1670) is the author of the first theory about education (Didactica Magna, 1657), being autonomous through: a)well-studied pedagogical general notions (education /self building, goals (finalities) / aims, the general contents of education, school system / method, organization of education by forms and lessons; b) the promoted paradigm – education according the nature, conceived from the theological point of view as the ideal model. Didatica Magna is a solid epistemic construction which points out: the specific study object, the human person’s formation, the peculiar methodology of research – based on the nature model in the spirit of the pedagogy of the essence, peculiar standards (standardization) – based on the principles of the life’s extension and on the principles of teaching and learning. The instruction quality, organized on forms and lessons, is marked by the importance of „ didactics – the science to teach others. The bases of the didactics are built on three levels: goals, resources, methodology. The Pedagogy of the globalization is developed in Pampedia / The Universal Education which has in view the instruction for everybody: nations, states, families, individuals. The schools organization is conceived in this spirit in order to obtain the human person’s accomplishment after the nature’s model. „The Universal school” for „everybody’s education” propose a system’s structure to be confirmed in time: 1) the primary education, 2) the secondary education „the adolescent school”, 3) the higher schools (University education), 4) the Academy – for obtaining „a completer understanding” The formation of teachers is projected in connection with three abilities: universality simplicity, spontaneity.