THE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY RATIONS, IN RELATION TO THE ASTHENIC BODY TYPE, ON THE ACTIVITY OF PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES IN DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN HYPERSTRESS-REACTIVE RATS

Anastasia BABILEVA, Ion MEREUȚĂ, Tudor STRUTINSCHI, Lilia POLEACOVA, Vladimir CARAUȘ, Universitatea de Stat din Moldova

Abstract

The study examines the influence of dietary caloric structure on the activity of proteolytic enzymes in differentsegments of the gastrointestinal tract in hyperstress-reactive rats, considered analogues of the asthenic body type. Theanimals were divided into four groups and fed diets differing in the proportions of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.Protease activity was assessed in gastric chyme, pancreas, and small intestinal mucosa. The results showed relativelylow gastric proteolytic activity, associated with reduced gastric acid secretion typical of the asthenic type. An incre-ase in dietary protein content (12–14%) was accompanied by a tendency toward enhanced proteolytic activity in allanalyzed structures; however, most differences did not reach statistical significance. Higher enzymatic activity in thepancreas and intestinal mucosa compared with the stomach reflects functional characteristics of asthenic metabolism.The findings support the need to adapt dietary rations to constitutional characteristics in order to maintain metabolicbalance and prevent excessive stimulation of metabolic processes.Keywords: asthenic body type, hyperstress reactivity, dietary rations, proteases, enzymatic activity, gastrointesti-nal tract, proteins, metabolism.

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.59295/sum1(191)2026_7